1. Human being
2. Being Human
3. Human Person
4. Humanism

1: Human being

It relates to the basic feature of the human species (homo sapiens and sapiens). It is more devoted to the origin of the human species, genetic makeup, distinct physical presentation like bipedal nature, standing upright on two feet, possessing opposable thumbs, and a large brain. Human have the brilliant speech and communication skills that enable us to express ourselves. Human beings are sentient and conscious (self-aware). Sentient refers to the capacity of an organism to perceive and experience sensations of pleasure, pain, and emotion. Consciousness on the other hand  described as ‘Consciousness at its simplest awareness of internal and external existence’ [wiki] There are lot of opinions about these attributes, can be taken up separate  .Human has been provided with developed five sensory organs; eyes for vision, ears for hearing and balance, nose for smell, tongue for taste, skin for touch and sensitivity to temperature and pressure.

The human being possesses a wide range of social, cultural, and behavioral  traits that distinguished them from animals. other features include language, articulation of speech, art, music, religion, governance, ethics, and making laws for human civilization.  Human has the capacity for expressing emotions including joy, love, and sadness. Decision making another feature of human beings, when done in a good direction makes him noble and if directed evilly, makes his life waste. Human right is another important feature and it is defined as inherent rights and freedom that all people are entitled to regardless of their gender, ethnicity, religion and nationality. This entitlement comes from civil, political, social, cultural, and economic forums. Right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion

There are many attributes that proves to be human. These are Empathy, Compassion, Morality, Creativity, Self- awareness, Free will. Other important attribute is human do have Meaningful purpose of life which gives us sense of direction and towards motivation for existences Having happiness and compassion, which makes us empathetic and altruistic.

These are some of the attributes that may distinguish us from other animals ,but they are not unique or exclusive to humans. Some animals do have some of the traits to some extents or have other traits that we do not have. The gap between human and animal minds [alien’s is another topic totally] is not clear cut divisive but rather matter of  degree of manifestation and complexity there of. There fore we respect and appreciate the diversity of life on planet earth.

2: Being human:

“Human being”, “being human”, and “human person” is causally used terms; however it holds a deeper meaning and should be carefully used.

Differences are “human beings” is used as a noun, and “being human” as a verb. ”Human being” can be used in scientific terms and “being human” can be used more in an informal context where compassion, empathy, and behaviours need to be implied. A “Human being” is a biological being having all characteristics of the human species. Being human defines its quality as a virtue; It takes as long time as a lifetime of hard work. The human being is not always seen as being human. Individuals with inhuman behaviours are also human beings. Terrorists are not being  human. “Free will” is one of the characteristic features of being human. Free will is defined as the power and capacity of humans to make decisions or perform actions independently of prior events or the state of the universe. There is a lot of debate on the “free will” concept  and not to be discussed here.

3: Human person:

The great American philosopher Harry G. Frankfurt born in May 1929 in Pennsylvania described that the criteria for being a person are designed to capture those attributes which are the subject of our most human concern with ourselves and the source of what we regard as most important and most problematical in our lives. So the definition of person and personhood is seen more from the perspective of laws, philosophy, and theology. A human may be a person but a person may not be a human!! Human person refers to the moral, spiritual, and social qualities of human beings which give values and identity beyond biology. Some areas of controversies arise when it is argued regarding the personhood of the fetus before birth. If a human is alive and supported by the life support system but unable for conscious decisions. If biosynthetic humanoid robots are capable of acquiring consciousness and doing all goods beyond human capabilities for human civilization. If an alien is more intelligent than a human being and doing all the magnificent work for the well-being of mankind.

4. Humanism

It is a concept developed during 14 th to 17th centuries. Humanism is a progressive philosophy of life, without theism or other supernatural beliefs, that affirms or ability or responsibility to lead an ethical life of personal fulfilment that aspires to the greater good ( Americal humanist association Reference-8:1). Humanism is a democratic and ethical life-stance which affirms that human being has the right and responsibility to give meaning and shape to their own lives. It stands for the building of a more human society through ethics based on human and other natural values in a spirit of reason and free inquiry through human capabilities. It is not theistic and it does not accept the supernatural views of reality (humanist international Reference-8:2).

The philosophical root of humanism can be traced to ancient Greek philosophy led by Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle who placed great emphasis on human thought and action. Today, humanism is associated with widespread atheist belief systems and practices based on secularism, liberalism, and progressive in nature. Essentially, it gives importance to human values, scientific achievements, and creativity. Some humanist groups stress human rights and social justice.

Contradiction to humanist theory is that ,It is too constricted on human experiences while a human has limitless probabilities as proved from time immemorial. It fails to take into account the importance of the nonhuman form of life , the broader ecological system of the earth ,cosmic phenomena and universe at large. It is just an outcome of a narrow stream of water in a big river like human life.